Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is cervix cancer. The cervix is the uterus’s lower, thin entrance. It leads from your uterus to your vagina. When seen via your vagina, your cervix resembles a doughnut.
This cancer can harm the cervix’s deeper tissues and spread to other regions of the body (metastasize), most often the lungs, liver, bladder, vagina, and rectum.
The best cancer treatment for cervical cancer is either surgery, radiation therapy or chemotherapy. These methods can be used in combination with one another depending on the severity of cervical cancer. This article mainly focuses on the cause of cervical cancer, how it can be treated and the vaccination of cervical cancer.
Cause of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is caused by some strains of the most prevalent STD, human papillomavirus (HPV).
Human Papillomavirus is a virus that normally spread through sexual contact/intercourse. Several strains of Human Papillomavirus are known to produce atypical skin conditions such as genital warts and skin warts.
In most circumstances, HPV infection is readily suppressed by the human immune system, keeping it from causing any harm. However, the virus may linger in the system of persons with weakened immunity, eventually contributing to the patient’s cervical cancer.
This suggests that the causes of cervical cancer are not confined to sexual interaction, but also rely on the patient’s surroundings and lifestyle.
There are around 200 different types of HPV. Most of them are harmless and will go away on their own. However, at least a dozen strains of HPV can persist and, in some cases, cause cancer. The bulk of cervical cancer cases is caused by two kinds (types 16 and 18). These are known as high-risk HPV.
Because HPV is such a prevalent illness that normally resolves itself, most people are unaware they have it. If you have one of the high-risk forms of HPV, don’t panic – it doesn’t imply you’ll get cancer.
Symptoms of cervical cancer
Cervical cancer may not exhibit any symptoms in its early stages. Symptoms frequently occur once the tumour has spread to neighbouring tissues and organs. Cervical cancer symptoms might be mimicked by other medical disorders.
Cervical cancer symptoms include the following:
- abnormal vaginal bleeding, including periods, menopause, and sexual intercourse
- abnormally high or increased vaginal discharge
- odorous vaginal discharge during very lengthy or heavy periods
- blood following a pelvic check or discomfort during sexual intercourse
- difficulty urinating
- difficulty bowel movement
- vagina discomfort in the pelvic region or lower back that may extend down one or both legs
- Leg swelling, usually in one leg
Treatment options
Cervical cancer is treated in a variety of methods. It is determined by the type of cervical cancer and the extent to which it has spread. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are all options for treatment of cervical cancer, they can be given either alone or in combination with each other.
During surgery, doctors remove cancerous tissue. Chemotherapy is the use of specific drugs to shrink or destroy cancer. Chemotherapy drugs can be introduced into the body of a patient through oral or intravenous route of administration.
Radiation therapy is the use of high-energy radiation (similar to X-rays) to destroy cancer cells. Different doctors on your medical team may give different therapies.
Gynecologic oncologists are doctors who have received special training to treat malignancies of the female reproductive system. Surgeons are doctors who conduct surgical procedures.
Medical oncologists are doctors who use medicine to treat cancer. Radiation oncologists are cancer specialists who use radiation to treat patients.
Vaccination available
HPV strains transmit through sexual contact and are linked to the majority of occurrences of cervical cancer. Gardasil 9 is an HPV vaccination that has been authorised by the US Food and Drug Administration for both girls and boys.
If administered before girls or women are exposed to the virus, this vaccination can prevent the majority of occurrences of cervical cancer. This vaccination is also effective in preventing vaginal and vulvar cancer. Furthermore, the vaccination can protect against genital warts, anal cancers, and mouth, throat, head, and neck cancers in both men and women.
In principle, immunising males against the strains of HPV linked to cervical cancer might help protect girls from the virus by reducing transmission.
Overview
The cervix is the lowest portion of the uterus, where the foetus develops during pregnancy. Cervical cancer is caused by the HPV virus. Sexual interaction is how the virus spreads. The majority of women’s bodies are capable of fighting HPV infection.
However, the virus can sometimes cause cancer. If you smoke, have numerous children, have used birth control pills for a long period, or have HIV infection, you are at a higher risk.
Cervical cancer may not initially cause any symptoms. Later on, you may experience pelvic discomfort or vaginal bleeding. Normal cells in the cervix often take several years to transform into cancer cells.
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